The course covers the most common tests used in inferential statistics, particularly T-test and ANOVA, including training examples on appropriate software (e.g. MINITAB). Moreover, the course introduces the multivariate analyses as the most powerful tool in chemometrics, The course will deal in brief with different search methodologies implemented in pattern recognition problems such as Genetic Algorithm, Monti Carlo search, systematic search and stepwise regression analysis. Appropriate training examples will be discussed by using appropriate software (e.g. MATLAB, SIMCA-P).